工业技术与职业教育

先进制造业是实体经济最具活力和变革性的部分。职业教育与先进制造业同向同行，是推进先进制造业发展的重要力量。在分析先进制造业发展水平的基础上，通过构建职业教育赋能先进制造业的贡献测度模型，测算了2013—2022年全国及各省份职业教育赋能先进制造业的贡献率，得出以下结论：第一，职业教育对先进制造业的贡献效果显著，全国总体贡献率为21.25%；第二，职业教育投入、固定资产投入、劳动力投入三大要素联系紧密，能在赋能先进制造业过程中产生协同效应和规模报酬递增效应；第三，职业教育赋能先进制造业的贡献率存在地域差异，并与先进制造业发展水平表现出一致的空间不均衡状态，二者均呈东部>全国>中部>西部的位序格局。为进一步推进职业教育赋能先进制造业，职业教育应对接先进制造业产业需求，推动与先进制造业企业的深度校企合作，加速国际化。

Advanced manufacturing is the most dynamic and transformative part of the real economy.Vocational education and advanced manufacturing go hand in hand,and vocational education is an important force in promoting the development of advanced manufacturing.On the basis of calculating the development index of advanced manufacturing industry,this article constructs a contribution measurement model for vocational education services to advanced manufacturing industry,which is used to measure the contribution rate of vocational education empowering advanced manufacturing industry in China and various provinces from 2013 to 2022.The results showed the following:firstly,vocational education has a significant contribution effect on advanced manufacturing industry,with an overall national contribution rate of 21.25%;secondly,the three major elements of vocational education investment,fixed asset investment,and labor input are closely related and can generate synergistic effects and increasing returns to scale in empowering advanced manufacturing industries;thirdly,the contribution rate of vocational education to empowering advanced manufacturing industry shows a consistent spatial imbalance with the development level of advanced manufacturing industry,both of which follow the order of eastern>national>central>western.To further promote vocational education to empower advanced manufacturing industry,vocational education should respond to the needs of advanced manufacturing industry,promote deep school enterprise cooperation with advanced manufacturing enterprises,and accelerate internationalization.