工业技术与职业教育

智能制造新场景持续演进对现场工程师提出更高复合能力要求，现行能力供给体系在岗位匹配、结构分层与协同机制等方面存在错位现象。德国“双元制”在企业深度参与、课程模块化构建与能力标准制定方面形成了较为完善的融合范式。中德制度逻辑与育人路径对比显示，当前现场工程师培养中存在能力类型结构、供需关系、成长路径等方面的失衡问题。围绕制度适配、能力生成与生态协同三个维度，重构制度嵌入机制、能力生成体系、生态协同机制，强化教育链、人才链与产业链的结构耦合，提升职业教育服务智能制造的系统效能。

The continuous evolution of new intelligent manufacturing scenarios has driven higher demands for multidisciplinary competencies in field engineers.However,the current competency supply system exhibits mismatches in job alignment,structural stratification and collaborative mechanisms.Germany's "Dual System" has established a mature integration paradigm characterized by deep enterprise engagement,modular curriculum design and competency standard formulation.A comparative analysis of institutional logics and talent cultivation pathways between China and Germany reveals systemic imbalances in competency type structures,supply-demand relationships and career development pathways.This study proposes a three-dimensional reconstruction framework encompassing institutional adaptation,competency development and ecological collaboration.By optimizing the institutional embedding mechanism,refining the competency cultivation system,and strengthening ecological synergy,it aims to enhance the structural coupling among education,talent and industrial chains,thereby elevating the systemic efficiency of vocational education in serving intelligent manufacturing.